Testis Problems

Testis problems

Apnay testicles ko regularly examine kerna aik acha idea hai,takkay aap apni anatomy se familiar hon.phir koi bhi unusual cheez develop ho tu aap batanay ke qabil hon gay.

• Testicles sperm bunatay han.ye shape me oval han aur usually 5 se 5 cm long,3 cm wide aur  cm thick hottay han.aik aam torr per slightly doseray testicle se bara hotta hai.
• Epididymis aikl sausage shaped lump hai jo her testicle ki back aur top ki teruf  stuck hotta hai.ye actually aik tiny tubes ki coil hai,jo sperms carry aur store kerti hai.ager es ko uncoil kerain tu ye 8 meters long ho.
• spermatic cords, epididymis se behind upwards lead kerti han.ye sperms ko penis ki teruf carry kerti han aur in me blood vessels bhi hotti han.
• Scrotum aik skin sac hai jis ma testicles aur epididymis hotti han.

How to examine your testicles

• Best time warm bath ya shower ke bahd hai,jab scrotum ki skin relaxed hotti hai.
• Scrotum aur testicles ko palm ma suppot kerain un ka weight feel kernay ke liay.aik testicle doseray se slightly larger ho sakta hai,laikin un ka weight same honna chahiay.
• Aik testicle ko thumb aur fingers me hold kerin es tara ke aap ka thumb top pe aur first aur second finger neechay hoon.gently testicle ko roll kerain,koi hard lump check kerain feel tu nahi ho raha.aik normal testicle oval shape hotta hai aur ye firm hotta hai laikin hard nahi aur smooth jis me koi lumps na hon.
• Epididymis ko feel kerain,aik sausage shaped lump her testicle ke top aur back pe.ye soft aur slightly tender feel ho ga.
• spermatic cords ko feel kerain jo epididymis se upward aur testicle ke behind lead kertay han.ye firm aur smooth tubes han.

Aur aisay hi doseray testicle ke saath kerain.

Agar aap scrotum ma koi lump feel kerain,testicles per ya side pe tu pnay doctor ko zuroor check kerwayain aur doctor ko tab bhi check kerayain jab aik testicle enlarged aur heavy feel ho aur jab squeeze kerain tu doseray se zyada firmer feel ho aur in sub cases ma ye testicles ka cancer ho sakta hai.ye bahoot common cancer ki type hai tu young men ko jo 20s se 30s tak hottay han effect ker sakta hai laikin ye kisi bhi age ma ho sakta hai.good news ye hai ke testicles ka cancer 96% cases ma completely cure hotta hai.jitni jaldi ye pick up ho utna better hai.

In fact scrotum ma zyada swellings non-cancerous hotti han.for example small lumps aur cysts epididymis  ma aur spermatic cord ma normal han.surgeon in cysts aur lumps ko usually remove nahi kertay jab tak ye large aur troublesome nah on.ye important hai ke scrotum ma sub lumps ko doctor se examine kerwana chahiay agar aap ye bhi soochain ke welling non-cancerous hai tab bhi.doctor aap ko kahay ga ke ultrasound kerwayain jo painless hai.

 'Bag of worms' or varicocele
agar aap testicle me kuch feel kertay han jaisay ke worms ka bag zyada obvious jab aap standing position ma hon tu aap ko probably varicocele hai.

What a varicocele is. 'spermatic cord' jo scrotum se upward move kerti hai uss me sperms ke liay aik tube hotti hai jo penis tak un ko carry kerti hai. spermatic cord ma veins swollen, elongated aur looped ho jaati han jo legs ma varicose veins se similar hotti han – es ko varicocele kahtay han.agar veins thori swellon hon tu ye veins unnoticeable hon gi aur ager moderately swollen hon tu felt bhi hon gi. Varicocele usually koi symptoms cause nahi kerti,although kuch men discomfort feel kertay han aur embarrassed hottay han ager veins skin ke neechay visible hon tu. About 15% normal healthy young men ko usually left side pe varicocele hotta hai.

Varicocele and fertility. Doctors kitnay years se argu ker rahay hank e kya varicocele fertility ko effect kerti hai,testicle ma sperms ko damage ker ke (British Medical Journal 2004;328:967–8).for example agar blood swollen veins ma hot water ki tara act keray tu wo testicles ko warm rakhay ga.developing sperms ko cool hoona chahiay es hi liay testicles body ke outside hang kertay han.in fact varicocele slightly more common hai un men ma jin ma sperms problems hon,agar ye fertility ko effect kerain tu ye only small effect ho ga.

Varicocele ko treat ker ke fertility ko improve nahi kiya ja sakta.2001 ma Cochrane Collaboration aik international experts ke network ne jo medical problems ke baray me her scientific evidence ke scrap ko dekhtay han unhoon ne varicocele ke fertility ke liay treatment per investigation ki.unhoon ne conclude kiya ke un men ma jin ko fertility ka problem ho routinely varicocele ko treat kernay ki ill advice hai kuin ke ye kuch bhi bather nahi kerta.aik aur recent survey se bhi yehi conclusion hasil hua hai. (Lancet 2003;361:1849–52).

Missing testicle
kuch people ka sirf aik side per testicle hotta hai.doseri side pe testicle completely missing hotta hai ya ya genetal area ma  groin ki tara feel hotta hai.dono cases ma es ko 'undescended testicle' khtay han.

How undescended testicle occurs. Aap ka testicle tab develop kerna start kerta hai jab aap tiny fetus hottay han (aap ke conceive hoonay ke kuch week bahd).kidney ke near back pe ye abdomen ke ander high hoona start ker daitay han.aap ke paeda hoonay se almost 6 months pelhay,ye groin ki teruf downward aur forward journey kerna start ker daitay han.es doraan aap ka scrotum develop kerna start ker daita hai in o receive kernay ke liay.birth se aik ya 2 month pelhay testicles normally journey complete ker laitay han aur scrotum ma descend ker jaatay han.

About 5% boys ma birth se pelhay testicle abdomen ke back  scrotum ma journey nahi kerta.instead ye abdomen ya groin ma struck ker jaata hai.eshi wajja se es ko 'undescended testicle' kahtay han.koi nahi jaanta aisa kuin hotta hai.unknown reasons ki wajja se ye un babies ma hotta hai jo march ya april ma paeda hottay han.ye premature babies ma bhi common hai. (Surgery 2004;22:252 –5).

Zyada babies jin ma undescended testicle hotta hai un ko treatment ki zuroorat nahi hotti – 3 ma se 2 cases ma testicle birth ke 3 months bahd naturally neechay ah jaata hai,baby ko usually operation ki zuroorat hotti hai testicle ko neechay laanay ke liay.

What to do if you have only one testicle. Agar aap koi teenager ya adult han undescended testicle ke saath tu aap ko zuroor doctor ko dekhana chahiay.aap ka doctor aap ko hospital specialist (urologist) refer ker sakta hai.aap ko sharminda hoonay ki zuroorat nahi hai kuin ke sub doctors jaantay han ke ye aisi problem hai jis ko attention ki zuroorat hai.kitnay issues han jo aap ko urologist se discuss kernay ki zuroorat  ho gi.

• Firstly aik undescended testicle ma cancer develop hoonay ka zyada chance hotta hai normal testicle ke moqablay ma.risk roughly 2,000 me 1 ka hai aur sub men me caner ka risk 100,000 ma 1 ka hai.infact testicle ka cancer curable hai kuin ke men lump ko testicle pe easily notice ker laitay han aur ye early stage ma caught ho jaata hai.laikin agar cancer testicle me develop ho jo ke abdomen me hidden up ho tu uss ko detect kerna difficult ho ga. Testicle jo abdomen ma stuck hotta hai wo sperms nahi produce kerta tu urologist ye suggest kerta hai ke aap ko aik operation kerana ho ga es ko remove kernay ke liay. Takkay ye future ma cancer ma develop na ho jaye.ye aik complicated decision hai jo ke aap ko detail se urologist se discuss kerna ho ga.ye partly aap ki age pe depend kerta hai,testicle ka cancer young men ma common hai,so 32 ki age ke bahd operation ka risk cancer gain kernay se zyada important hai tu ye better ho ga ke kuch mat kerain laikin aap ka urologist aap ko advice day ga.
• Secondly agar aap ka aik testicle hai tu aap fertility ke baray ma worried hon gay.although undescended testicle probably zyada kuch nahi kerta,aap ko parayshaan hoonay ki koi zuroorat nahi hai kuin ke aap ka dosera normal testicle million of sperms produce ker raha hai.
• Thirdly, undescended testicle firmly anchored nahi hotta,aur tissues per twisted ho jaata hai jo es ko surround kertay han.es ko 'torsion' kahtay han. Torsion bahot painful hotti hai.tu agar aap ko abdominal pain ho aur abdomen ma undescended testicle struck ho tu aap ka ka doctor es ko torsion ki possibility consider keray ga.
• Fourthly agar aap ka aik side per empty scrotum hai jo aap ko bother keray ga tu aap doctor se artificial implant ke baray ma pooch saktay han jo aap ko appearance aur normal testicle ki feeling day.ye silicone, ya silicone bag saline se bhara ho ga jaisay ke breast implant hotta hai.